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Physical Features: High Plains, broken by Red River forks, tributaries; sandy loam, waxy soils.

Economy: Petroleum, agriculture, government/services.

History: Apaches, displaced by Comanches and Kiowas. Ranching began in the late 1870s. Farmers arrived around 1900. Oil discovered in 1926. County created in 1876 from Bexar District; organized in 1902; named for Peter W. Gray, member of first Legislature.

Race/Ethnicity: (In percent) Anglo, 63.4; Black, 5.5; Hispanic, 28.9; Asian, 0.6; Other, 0.9; Two or more races, 2.0. 

Vital Statistics, annual: Births, 340; deaths, 267; marriages, 199; divorces, 97.

Recreation: Water sports, Lake McClellan and grassland; White Deer Land Museum, barbed-wire museum; Top of Texas livestock show in January.

Minerals: Natural gas, oil.

Agriculture: Cattle, hogs, wheat, cotton, corn, sorghum, hay, milk. Market value $207.7 million.

PAMPA (17,653) county seat; petroleum, agriculture; hospital; college; prison; Woody Guthrie museum; Mud Bog car show in June.

Other towns include: Alanreed (48); Lefors (492); McLean (770) commercial center for southern part of county.

A ranch gate along Texas 273 near McLean. Photo by Robert Plocheck.